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Marine Behavioural Competency & Marine Assurance

Behavioural Competency Assessment & Verification – Case Study

Practical assessment of behavioural competencies during critical vessel operations to identify strengths, performance gaps and opportunities for continuous improvement.

Case Study Overview

A vessel operator requested an independent behavioural competency assessment of senior deck officers following a period of operational transition within the fleet. The objective was to evaluate how behavioural competencies were demonstrated during routine and higher-risk operations and to identify areas requiring further development.

The assessment was designed around actual operational activities rather than a classroom-style questionnaire. The focus was on observable behaviours, communication, decision-making, teamwork, situational awareness, results focus and leadership during vessel operations.

Assessment principle: Behavioural competency should be assessed from observable evidence and operational context. The purpose is not to judge personality, but to determine whether behaviours demonstrated during work are consistent with the expected level of competence for the individual's role.

Vessel & Assessment Context

Vessel Type

Commercial tanker engaged in international trading operations. The assessment methodology can also be adapted to other vessel types and operational environments.

Personnel Assessed

Senior deck officers and operational personnel with responsibilities for planning, supervising and executing critical vessel activities.

Operational Context

Assessment activities included bridge operations, mooring, cargo-related activities, toolbox discussions and response to changing operational conditions.

Assessment Objective

To establish an evidence-based behavioural competency profile and identify strengths, weaknesses and development priorities relevant to safe and effective vessel operations.

Assessment Methodology

The assessment was conducted using a combination of direct observation, structured questioning, operational discussion and review of available records. The methodology followed recognized maritime behavioural competency principles and was adapted to the vessel operator's existing competence-management arrangements.

Direct Observation

The assessor observed officers during actual operational activities, focusing on how they interacted with team members, monitored developing situations and applied established procedures.

Structured Questioning

Officers were questioned about operational decisions, risk recognition, alternative actions, communication strategies and lessons learned from previous situations.

Record Review

Relevant operational records, risk assessments, checklists, toolbox meeting records and other available documentation were reviewed where applicable.

Operational Context

Behaviour was assessed in relation to the actual task, operational conditions, role responsibilities, available resources and level of risk.

Critical Operation Selected for Assessment

The principal observation activity involved a mooring operation during which the officer being assessed was responsible for coordinating a mooring team and maintaining communication with the bridge.

The assessment did not focus solely on whether the mooring task was completed. Attention was given to how the officer planned the activity, communicated expectations, monitored changing conditions, responded to concerns raised by team members and maintained appropriate operational control.

Operational observation: A technically correct result does not automatically demonstrate strong behavioural competency. The assessment therefore considered both the outcome and the behaviours used to achieve that outcome.

Behavioural Competency Findings

Team Working

The officer actively involved the mooring team, encouraged relevant input and maintained awareness of individual responsibilities. Team participation was generally effective, although opportunities existed to improve the consistency of feedback after task completion.

Communication & Influencing

Communication with the bridge and working team was generally clear. The officer demonstrated an ability to confirm instructions and establish shared understanding before critical stages of the operation.

Situation Awareness

The officer demonstrated awareness of vessel movement, mooring line condition and team positioning. Further development was identified in anticipating changes in workload as the operation progressed.

Decision Making

Decisions were generally consistent with the operational situation and established procedures. The assessment identified an opportunity to make the risk assessment process more explicit when conditions changed unexpectedly.

Results Focus

The officer maintained focus on completing the operation safely and efficiently. Task ownership was evident, while additional attention to balancing operational time pressure against team workload was recommended.

Leadership & Managerial Skills

The officer demonstrated appropriate authority and maintained operational control. Further development was recommended in empowering less experienced team members to contribute more actively to operational discussions.

Evidence-Based Behavioural Assessment

Evidence Area Observation Technical Interpretation
Communication Instructions were communicated before critical stages and confirmed with responsible personnel. Supports effective shared understanding and operational coordination.
Team Interaction Team members were given opportunity to communicate concerns and operational information. Demonstrates inclusive team working and supports effective information flow.
Situational Awareness Officer monitored vessel position, mooring arrangements and team activities. Demonstrates awareness of vessel systems, personnel and operational environment.
Decision Making Operational decisions were made with reference to procedures and developing conditions. Indicates appropriate decision discipline with opportunity for stronger explicit risk reassessment.
Leadership Officer maintained control of the team while coordinating with the bridge. Demonstrates authority and coordination appropriate to the operational role.

Positive Behavioural Indicators Identified

Clear Communication

  • Gives clear and relevant instructions.
  • Confirms important information.
  • Encourages communication from team members.

Active Monitoring

  • Monitors vessel and operational conditions.
  • Recognizes changes in circumstances.
  • Maintains awareness of personnel and workload.

Appropriate Challenge

  • Accepts relevant concerns raised by personnel.
  • Questions information where clarification is required.
  • Escalates significant concerns appropriately.

Leadership Control

  • Establishes clear responsibilities.
  • Maintains appropriate authority.
  • Supports coordinated team performance.

Development Areas Identified

The assessment identified several development opportunities. These findings were treated as improvement areas rather than failures and were discussed with the assessed personnel and management.

Explicit Risk Reassessment

Strengthen the practice of verbally reassessing risk when operational circumstances change from the original plan.

Feedback & Learning

Increase structured feedback following critical activities to capture lessons learned and reinforce effective behaviours.

Workload Awareness

Improve monitoring of individual workload and fatigue-related indicators when operational activity becomes prolonged or complex.

Team Empowerment

Encourage less experienced personnel to contribute operational observations and concerns before decisions are finalized.

Behavioural Competency Assessment Results

Competency Domain General Assessment Development Focus
Team Working Meets expected operational standard. Continue strengthening feedback and participation.
Communication & Influencing Meets expected operational standard. Maintain clear communication during changing conditions.
Situation Awareness Meets expected standard with development opportunity. Improve anticipation of changing workload and conditions.
Decision Making Meets expected operational standard. Strengthen explicit risk reassessment following changes.
Results Focus Meets expected operational standard. Continue balancing efficiency with workload and risk.
Leadership & Managerial Skills Meets expected operational standard. Strengthen empowerment and participation of junior team members.

Management Feedback & Corrective Development

Following the assessment, the findings were discussed with the assessed officer and relevant management personnel. The objective was to establish practical development actions rather than simply assign an assessment result.

Continuous improvement principle: Behavioural competency assessment is most effective when observations are converted into specific development actions, followed by coaching, further observation and verification of improvement.

Coaching

Targeted coaching was recommended in risk reassessment, communication and workload management.

Operational Practice

Officers were encouraged to apply the identified behaviours during routine and critical vessel operations.

Follow-Up Observation

Subsequent observation can be used to determine whether the identified development areas have been effectively addressed.

Management Review

Results can be incorporated into the operator's existing competence-management, appraisal and continuous-improvement processes.

Key Lessons from the Case Study

  • Behavioural competency is best evaluated in the context of actual operational activities.
  • A successful operational outcome does not by itself demonstrate strong behavioural competency.
  • Communication, teamwork and situational awareness directly affect the quality of operational decision-making.
  • Officers should be encouraged to receive and act upon information from other members of the team.
  • Changes in operational circumstances should trigger appropriate reassessment rather than automatic continuation of the original plan.
  • Behavioural competency assessment is most valuable when findings lead to practical coaching, development and subsequent verification.

Technical Assessment Deliverables

Behavioural Competency Profile

Structured assessment of the individual's demonstrated behavioural competencies within the agreed operational scope.

Observation Record

Evidence-based observations describing relevant behaviours, operational circumstances and assessment findings.

Strengths & Development Areas

Identification of demonstrated strengths and specific behavioural areas requiring further development.

Management Summary

Concise technical summary suitable for management review and integration into existing competence-management processes.

Who Can Use Behavioural Competency Assessment?

Shipowners & Vessel Operators

To strengthen behavioural competency management and support continuous improvement within vessel operations.

Technical Managers

To obtain structured evidence of behavioural performance during operational activities and identify development priorities.

Marine Assurance Teams

To support broader marine assurance activities by considering behavioural performance alongside technical and procedural competence.

Training & Development Teams

To identify targeted training, coaching and development requirements based on observed behaviours.

Technical Reference Framework

The assessment methodology is informed by recognized maritime behavioural competency and competence-management principles. The applicable framework is selected according to vessel type, company procedures, operational scope and client requirements.

OCIMF / INTERTANKO Behavioural Competency Assessment and Verification for Vessel Operators, First Edition 2018.
ISM Code Safety-management principles relevant to operational control, risk management, procedures and continuous improvement.
STCW Competence Principles Relevant competence and human-performance principles, without treating BCAV as a replacement for statutory certification requirements.
SIRE 2.0 / Marine Assurance Behavioural and operational performance considerations where relevant to the vessel operator's marine assurance programme.
TMSA Relevant management-system and continuous-improvement considerations where applicable to tanker operations.
IMO Human Element Principles Applicable human-element, competence, operational safety and performance considerations.
Framework limitation: This case study describes an independent PAMS technical assessment methodology. It is not an OCIMF inspection, OCIMF certification or statutory examination. The assessment is intended to support existing company competence-management and continuous-improvement systems.

Independent Technical Oversight

Independent Consultancy

PAMS Pacific Admiralty Maritime Services provides independent marine surveying, marine engineering and technical consultancy services without acting as a ship agency or operational management company.

Technical Experience

Assessments are supported by marine operational, engineering, surveying and maritime compliance experience relevant to vessel operations.

Evidence-Based Reporting

Findings are based on observable behaviours, operational evidence, structured questioning and available documentation rather than personality-based judgement.

Practical Development

The objective is to convert assessment findings into practical development actions and measurable improvement opportunities.

About the Technical Author

Gregory Apostologlou

Managing Director of PAMS Pacific Admiralty Maritime Services. Mechanical Engineer and Marine Technical Superintendent with international maritime experience in marine surveying, vessel inspections, marine risk assessment, FPSO/SPM technical engineering and maritime regulatory compliance.

Gregory Apostologlou is also an authorized PHRS Surveyor.

Technical Content Review

Last Technical Review

September 2026

Review Frequency

Content is reviewed periodically to reflect applicable international maritime guidance, recognized industry practice and developments in behavioural competency assessment.

Referenced framework: OCIMF / INTERTANKO Behavioural Competency Assessment and Verification, ISM Code, relevant STCW competence principles, IMO human-element principles and applicable marine assurance requirements.

Behavioural Competency Case Study FAQ

What was the purpose of the behavioural competency assessment?

The purpose was to evaluate how officers demonstrated behavioural competencies during actual vessel operations and to identify strengths and development opportunities that could support continuous improvement.

Was the assessment based only on an interview?

No. Direct observation was a principal source of evidence, supported where appropriate by structured questioning, operational discussion and review of available records.

What behavioural competencies were assessed?

The assessment considered Team Working, Communication and Influencing, Situation Awareness, Decision Making, Results Focus, and Leadership and Managerial Skills.

Does a successful operation automatically mean the officer has strong behavioural competency?

No. Assessment should consider both the operational outcome and the behaviours demonstrated while achieving that outcome, including communication, teamwork, risk awareness, decision-making and leadership.

Can behavioural competency be assessed during different vessel operations?

Yes. The assessment can be adapted to operational activities such as navigation, mooring, cargo operations, engineering activities, emergency situations and other critical operations, subject to the agreed scope and available opportunities for observation.

Is this an official OCIMF certification?

No. PAMS provides an independent assessment service informed by recognized behavioural competency principles, including the OCIMF and INTERTANKO framework. The service is not represented as an OCIMF certification or statutory inspection.

Can the assessment be used for continuous improvement?

Yes. Findings can be used to support coaching, development planning, competence-management processes, performance reviews and subsequent verification of improvement.

Related Behavioural Competency Resources

Resource Description Link
Behavioural Competency Assessment Main PAMS service page covering behavioural competency assessment, verification methodology and technical implementation. View Main Service
Behavioural Competency Project Project-level application of behavioural competency assessment and verification within a vessel operational environment. View Project
Behavioural Competency Technical Article Technical article providing additional information on behavioural competency assessment and its application in maritime operations. Read Technical Article

Engineering Reference Notice

This case study presents a representative technical assessment scenario for behavioural competency assessment and verification. Vessel particulars, personnel details and operational circumstances may be adapted for confidentiality and training purposes. The assessment does not replace statutory certification, company competence-management systems, classification surveys, flag-state requirements or other mandatory inspections.

Ready to Proceed?

Request a behavioural competency assessment, verification or marine assurance consultation. Provide the vessel type, operational scope, personnel or ranks to be assessed, location and preferred assessment arrangements so the PAMS technical team can review the requirements.

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